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treatment for fatty liver , spain et, plump redhead , jeffrey bland phd, acute fatty liver of pregnancy , metagenics, robert winston, longevity, loseweight, bovine serum albumin, plump ebony , polymorphonuclearleukocytes, lupron, letter to the editor, alpha linolenic acid, fat girls in thongs , babies, | 2000). CLA is naturally present in dairy products and ruminant plump women galleries meats as a consequence of biohydrogenation in the rumen. Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a ruminant microorganism, is responsible for the production of the cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer that is synthesized as a result of the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid (Noble et al., 1974). The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer may be directly absorbed or further plump women galleries metabolized to trans-11 octadecenoic acid (vaccenic acid) (Pariza et al., 2001). After absorption, vaccenic acid can then be plump women galleries converted back to cis-9,trans-11 CLA within mammalian cells by Δ9 desaturase (Adlof et al., 2000; Chin et al., 1994; Griinari et al., 2000; Santora et al., 2000). Additionally, the biohydrogenation of several other polyunsaturated fatty acids has been shown to produce vaccenic acid as an intermediate (Griinari and Bauman, 1999), thus providing additional substrate for the endogenous production of cis-9,trans-11 CLA. |
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In addition to these isomers, dairy fat and meats contain 9-trans 16:1 and conjugated dienes (9-cis,11-trans 18:2). The trans fatty acid content in foods tends to be higher in lupron foods containing hydrogenated oils (Emken, 1995). Conjugated Linoleic Acid lupron Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for a group of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid in which the trans/cis double bonds are conjugated; that is, the double lupron bonds occur without an intervening carbon atom not part of a double bond. At least nine different isomers of CLA have been reported as minor constituents of food (Ha et al., 1989), but only two of the isomers, cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12, possess biological activity (Pariza et al., 2001). There is limited evidence to suggest that the trans-10,cis-12 isomer reduces the uptake of lipids by the adipocyte, and that the cis-9,trans-11 isomer is active in inhibiting carcinogenesis. Similarly, there are limited data to show that cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 isomers inhibit atherogenesis (Kritchevsky et al., |
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