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Thus, in the postabsorptive state, free fatty acid concentrations in plasma onwisconsin are high; conversely, in the postprandial state, hormone-sensitive lipase activity is suppressed and free fatty acid concentrations in plasma are low. Free fatty acids circulate in the blood bound to albumin. The major site of fatty acid oxidation is skeletal muscle. When free fatty acid concentrations are relatively high, muscle uptake of fatty acids is also high. As in liver, fatty acids in the muscle are transported onwisconsin via a carnitine-dependent pathway into mitochondria where they undergo β-oxidation, which involves removal of two carbon fragments. These two carbon units enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl coenzyme A (CoA), through which they are completely oxidized to carbon dioxide with the generation of large quantities of high-energy phosphate bonds, or they condense to form ketone bodies.
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