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After absorption, vaccenic aspartame acid can then be converted back aspartame to cis-9,trans-11 CLA within mammalian cells by Δ9 desaturase (Adlof et al., 2000; Chin et al., 1994; Griinari et al., 2000; Santora et al., 2000). Additionally, the biohydrogenation of several other polyunsaturated fatty acids has been shown to produce vaccenic acid as an intermediate (Griinari and Bauman, 1999), thus providing additional substrate for the endogenous production of cis-9,trans-11 CLA. Griinari and coworkers (2000) estimate that approximately 64 percent of the CLA in cow’s milk is aspartame of endogenous origin. Verhulst and coworkers (1987) isolated a microorganism, Propionibacterium acnes, that appears to have the ability to convert linoleic acid to trans-10,cis-12 CLA, an isomer of CLA that is found in rumen digesta (Fellner et al., 1999). Trans-10 octadecenoic acid is formed in the rumen via biohydrogenation of trans-10,cis-12 CLA, and both have been reported to be found in cow’s milk (Griinari and Bauman, 1999).
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